Architectural designs require understanding and using physical laws,
a prime example of which is Newton’s laws of motion,
It deals with the effects of forces acting on objects, and simple harmonic motion,
which must be respected when creating the structure.
Architecture means more than the common definition of designing habitable structures;
It is the art of creating systems for different spaces that are aesthetically and functionally pleasing.
Architectural and building forms are intertwined with the functions of different materials.
When designing a project, the architect must know the many properties of materials such as density,
flexibility, durability, and heat capacity in addition to form, such as light and color.
In physics, properties are the ability of a material to resist damage and plastic deformation when it is affected by external forces or pressure.
It is a property that can be explained through interactions between atoms and ions within the aforementioned substance.
Strength also depends on its state, whether the material is stretched,
compressed or bent and conditions, such as temperature, duration of loading and environmental impact.
Because of all these factors, there are different measures of strength of structures – tensile strength,
fatigue limit, yield point, elastic limit etc.
When needed, the strength of the material can be increased through radiation or the use of composite materials.
Building safety factors from a physical standpoint
There are characteristics without which structures can become dangerous,
and one of the most important of these factors is balance.
That is, the building’s ability to resist deflection when affected by factors such as wind and pulsations.
A body is balanced or in equilibrium if the line of action of the force does not exceed the endurance zone.
Laws of physics used in architectural design
Law of gravity
One of the important physical laws in architectural design is the law of gravity.
This law determines how loads and weight are distributed on the building
and helps determine the columns and walls needed to support the structure.
In addition, the law of gravity helps determine the design of stairs,
elevators and hydraulic systems in a building.
Law of motion
The law of motion also plays an important role in architectural design,
as it helps determine the design of doors, windows, hinges, and switches in a building.
In addition, the law of motion helps determine the design of the building’s acoustics,
lighting, and air conditioning systems.
What is the importance of physics in architecture?
Physics in architecture is always used to solve practical problems,
you don’t need to do abstract calculations, like you used to do in school.
Architects use physics to make sure that buildings and other structures are safe.
Therefore, physical concepts must be learned in a completely natural and grounded way.
Some basic physics concepts:
Stress and pressure
Tension refers to forces moving away from each other;
While pressure refers to the forces that push together.
Some materials are better at handling tension, while others deal better with pressure.
It is essential that architects use appropriate materials to avoid structures breaking and denting and endangering people.
Likewise, they need to understand how individual elements such as arches use pressure to add strength to buildings.
Loads
Loads are forces that cause buildings to move or feel other types of pressure.
They are usually divided into two types: live loads that change over time,
for example the number of people using the building),
and dead loads (which are constant, for example, the weight of building materials).
Loads are either horizontal/lateral (caused by natural objects such as wind and earthquakes) or “vertical”/gravitational.
Thermodynamics
Architects are responsible for making sure heat gets where it’s needed, and stays out of where it’s not.
To do this, a little must be understood about heat transfer (by conduction, convection, radiation, and phase change).
Ensuring that buildings are not exposed to extreme heat or cold is not just a matter of the comfort of their occupants;
It also protects against things like dampness and mold that result from condensation.
daylight
Daylighting is the use of natural light to illuminate buildings,
and is an important skill for architects to learn.
This is despite the fact that a specialist lighting designer will be responsible for any advanced calculations in this regard.
Daylight has been shown to improve the physical and mental health of building users,
and of course it saves energy too.
Vibrations
Vibration absorption makes a big difference in whether a building will stand or fall,
but there are plenty of other reasons why architects need to think about vibration.
If they are heard and/or felt, they can irritate building users,
and can also damage building fixtures, fittings and contents over time.
Conclusion
From the above, it is clear to us that physics is considered one of the basic sciences that greatly affects the field of architectural design.
The laws of physics determine the forces and influences that affect buildings and determine how to design them correctly and safely.
In short, it can be said that applying the laws of physics in architectural designs is essential to ensure a safe and efficient building design.
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These laws help determine the internal and external structure of the building and determine the design of its various systems.
Therefore, architects and designers must be fully aware of the laws of physics and how to apply them in architectural design.
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